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KMID : 0364820120480020057
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Korean Journal of Microbiology
2012 Volume.48 No. 2 p.57 ~ p.65
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Bacterial Phosphate Homeostasis: Role of Phosphate Transporters
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Park Yoon-Mee
Bang Iel-Soo
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Abstract
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Phosphorous is an essential element for the synthesis of various biomolecules including phospholipids,
carbohydrates and nucleic acids. Bacterial cells can uptake it as forms of phosphate and phosphate-containing
nutrients from extracellular environments, and reserve extra phosphate to polyphosphate inside the cell. Among five
phosphate transport systems, Pst plays central roles in phosphate transport, and its expression is coordinated by the
regulation of PhoB-PhoR two component signal transduction system in response to extracellular levels of phosphate.
Genomic studies on the response regulator PhoB reveal many genes independent of phosphate metabolism. Based on
recent findings on phenotypes of bacteria lacking proper function of each phosphate transport system, this review
discusses roles of phosphate transporters in maintaining optimum intracellular phosphate levels, and presents diverse
phenotypes of phosphate transporters related with other environmental signals as well as phosphate, then finally
points out functional redundancy among phosphate transport systems or their regulators, which emphasize
importance of phosphate homeostasis in governing metabolism, adaptation, and virulence of bacteria.
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KEYWORD
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PhoB, phosphate homeostasis, phosphate transporter, phosphorous, Pst system
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